German grammar retains many conjugations and declensions from proto-Germanic, which have been lost in English and other Germanic languages. Furthermore, small isolated communities can be found in Russia, the Central Asian Republics, Australia, South Africa and in North and South America. This is due to the historical influence of Austria - the former Austrian Empire, and Germany over the region in addition to the radical border changes put into place in Europe after WWI and WWII. Small groups of native German speakers can be found in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. Standard German (Standarddeutsch) is also generally spoken by many as a second language in much of East and Central Europe. Furthermore, German (Standard German and/or dialect) is spoken in the French regions of Alsace (German: Elsass) and Lorraine (German: Lothringen), in the northern Italian province of South Tyrol (German: Südtirol, Italian: Alto Adige or Sudtirolo), and in a southern part of Denmark (South Jutland German: Südschleswig). It is also an official language of Belgium and Luxembourg and spoken as a regional language in Namibia.
German ( Deutsch) is the official and main language of Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein and Switzerland.
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